31:0131(18)NG - Tidewater Virginia FEMTC and Norfolk Naval Shipyard -- 1988 FLRAdec NG
[ v31 p131 ]
31:0131(18)NG
The decision of the Authority follows:
31 FLRA NO. 18 31 FLRA 131 22 FEB 1988 TIDEWATER VIRGINIA FEDERAL EMPLOYEES METAL TRADES COUNCIL AFL-CIO Union and NORFOLK NAVAL SHIPYARD Agency Case No. O-NG-1311 DECISION AND ORDER ON NEGOTIABILITY ISSUES I. Statement of the Case This case is before the Authority because of a negotiability appeal filed by the Union under section 7105(a)(2)(E) of the Federal Service Labor - Management Relations Statute (the Statute). It concerns the negotiability of eight provisions disapproved by the Agency head pursuant to section 7114(c) of the Statute. 1 For the reasons discussed below, the Authority finds that the Agency must rescind its disapproval of Provisions 5, 6 and 11. The Union's petition for review concerning Provisions 1, 2, 3, 7 and 9 is dismissed. II. Provision 1 Article 4. Section 2. During a period of emergency declared by the Shipyard Commander or higher authority, the employer reserves the right to take whatever actions deemed by the employer to be necessary notwithstanding the provisions contained in this Agreement. For purposes of this section, an emergency is defined as an unforeseen combination of circumstances or an unexpected situation calling for immediate action. A. Positions of the Parties The Agency contends that the provision is nonnegotiable because it interferes with its right under section 7106(a)(2)(D) of the Statute to take necessary actions to carry out the Agency's mission during emergencies. In support, the Agency argues that the provision would preclude it from independently assessing whether an emergency exists pursuant to its management right. The Union alleges that the provision requires the parties to designate a spokesperson to represent management in declaring an emergency, as defined by the dictionary. B. Analysis and Conclusion Provision 1 seeks to (1) define the term "emergency" used in section 7106(a)(2)(D) of the Statute and (2) designate the management officials who must declare the emergency. We find that by defining "emergency," the provision would preclude the Agency from independently assessing whether an emergency exists and would limit management's right to act during emergencies to situations which meet the proposed definition. Consequently, we conclude that Provision 1 directly interferes with management's section 7106(a)(2)(D) right and as a result, is nonnegotiable insofar as it defines the term "emergency." National Federation of Federal Employees, Local 2059 and U.S. Department of Justice, U.S. Attorney's Office, Southern District of New York, New York, New York, 22 FLRA 136 (1986) (Provision 2). See also American Federation of Government Employees, Locals 696 and 2010 and Naval Supply Center, Jacksonville, Florida, 29 FLRA 1174 (1987). In addition to defining "emergency," Provision 1 designates who will declare an emergency. It would limit management's right to act during emergencies to situations where the emergency is verified and declared by the "Shipyard Commander or higher authority." By conditioning the exercise of management's right to act in emergencies on the declaration of an emergency by the Shipyard Commander or higher authority, Provision I conflicts with management's right to act under section 7106(a)(2)(D). As a result, it is nonnegotiable. See Association of Civilian Technicians, Inc., Pennsylvania State Council and the Adjutant General, Department of Military Affairs, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 7 FLRA 346 (1981) (Provision 1), reversed as to other matters sub nom. Adjutant General, Department of Military Affairs, Pennsylvania v. FLRA, 685 F.2d 93 (1982). III. Provision 2 Article 7, Section 9. The employer will make every reasonable effort to avoid the transfer of Conference Committee members between shifts or work areas and such transfers will require the approval of the appropriate division head. A. Positions of the Parties The Agency contends that the provision violates its right to assign work under section 7106(a)(2)(B) of the Statute because it (1) requires management to avoid transferring certain Union officials to different shifts or work areas; and (2) specifies that "the appropriate division head" must approve such assignments. The Union argues that the provision does not preclude the Agency from making reassignments when necessary but only requires some rationale other than Union animus. The Union also contends that the provision constitutes an appropriate arrangement under section 7106(b)(3). B. Analysis and Conclusions This provision restricts the Agency's ability to assign certain union representatives to other work areas. The record indicates that transferring an employee to a different work area may mean assigning the employee to perform different duties. The Union claims in connection with Provision 9 of this decision that employees who are assigned to a different shop can suffer a loss of their trade skills because of the different work. See part VII of this decision. Consequently, this provision is distinguishable from those which have been held negotiable because they were found to concern only when or where employees will perform those duties which management has previously assigned to their positions. See, for example, American Federation of Government Employees AFL - CIO Local 1815 and Army Aviation Center, Fort Rucker, Alabama, 28 FLRA 1172, 1185-87 198 (Chairman Calhoun dissenting). Rather, this provision restricts management's ability to assign work which is different from that which previously was assigned to their positions. Accordingly, we find that this requirement of Provision 2 interferes with management's right to assign work. The provision also requires that if management decides to transfer Conference Committee Members between shifts or work areas, the transfer must be approved by "the appropriate division head." Therefore, Provision 2 would require the Agency to assign the function of approving or disapproving the reassignments of certain Union representatives to particular individuals--division heads. Management's right to assign work under section 7106(a)(2)(B) encompasses the right to assign specific duties to particular individuals, including management officials. See American Federation of Government Employees, AFL - CIO, Local 1858 and U.S. Army Missile Command, The U.S. Army Test, Measurement, and Diagnostic Equipment Support Group, The U.S. Army Information Systems command - Redstone Arsenal commissary, 27 FLRA 69, 80-82 (1987) petition for review filed sub nom. U.S. Army Missile Command, U.S. Army Test, Measurement and Diagnostic Equipment Support Group, U.S. Army Information Systems Command - Redstone Arsenal Commissary v. FLRA, No. 87-7445 (llth Cir. July 17, 1987). We found in that decision that Provision 6, which required the Agency to assign to the "immediate supervisor" certain investigative and counselling tasks, interfered with management's right to assign work. Consistent with our decision in that case, Provision 2 is inconsistent with management's right to assign work. We turn now to the question of whether this provision is an appropriate arrangement for employees adversely affected by the exercise of management's right to assign work. The Agency asserts that the Union's petition is vague and fails to identify the management right alleged to produce adverse effects or to indicate how Provision 2 would appropriately ameliorate the claimed adverse effects. it further asserts that the provision does not ameliorate the adverse effects which may flow from reassignments but, instead, prohibits the reassignments themselves. The record supports these assertions by the Agency. The Union states that nothing in the provision "precludes Management from reassignment when necessary; it only requires some rationale other than anti - Union animus. . . ." Petition for review, unnumbered second page of enclosure stating Union position. This statement is not consistent with the plain wording of the provision, which requires management to make "every reasonable effort to avoid transfer(s) . . . between shifts or work areas(.) (Emphasis added.) Nothing in the provision supports an interpretation that it does not apply if a transfer is "necessary, or that it precludes reassignments only if the reassignments are based on anti-union animus. Consequently, even assuming for the purpose of this decision that the provision is an "arrangement," we find that it is, on balance, not "appropriate." It abrogates management's discretion to reassign the Union representatives covered by the provision and excessively interferes with the reserved right to assign work. IV. Provision 3 Article 9, Section 4. The initial area of consideration shall be determined prior to issuance of an announcement. This area may be expanded if the minimum area fails to produce one highly qualified candidate. For bargaining unit positions, the initial area of consideration shall be employees within the Shipyard - provided there is an adequate source of recruitment for the positions within the activity. (Only the underlined sentence is in dispute.) A. Positions of the Parties The Agency asserts that the second sentence of this provision violates its right to select under section 7106(a)(2)(C) of the Statute because it precludes the expansion of the area of consideration whenever there is one highly qualified candidate from the initial area of consideration. The Union maintains that the provision is within the duty to bargain under the Statute because it does not require the selection of any particular individual. B. Analysis and Conclusion Provision 3 provides that the initial area of consideration may be expanded "if" the initial area does not produce a qualified candidate. Whenever there is one highly qualified candidate from the initial area of consideration, the Agency may not consider other candidates. Section 7106(a)(2)(C) of the Statute reserves to management the right to make selections for appointments from among properly ranked and certified candidates for promotion or from any other appropriate source. In order for management to exercise its right to select, management must be able to consider applicants from all appropriate sources. Therefore, proposals which prohibit the expansion of the area of consideration if the initial area produces a specified number of qualified candidates, like Provision 3, interfere with management's right to select and are nonnegotiable. See, for example, National Association of Government Employees, Local R7-23, SEIU, AFL - CIO and Department of the Air Force, Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, 16 FLRA 367 (1984) and National Federation of Federal Employees, Local 1332 and Headquarters, U.S. Army Materiel Development and Readiness Command, Alexandria, Virginia, 6 FLRA 361 (1981) (Union Proposal IV). Provision 3 is distinguishable from proposals which merely define the initial area of consideration for filling vacancies under a merit promotion procedure. Proposals which define the area of consideration but do not prevent management from expanding that area of consideration are negotiable because they do not interfere with management's right to select from any appropriate source. For example, National Treasury Employees Union and Department of the Treasury, Financial Management Service, 29 FLRA 422 (1987) (Provision 1) (Chairman Calhoun concurring). Here, the second sentence of the provision forecloses expansion of the area of consideration in the circumstances described. As a result, it is inconsistent with the Agency's authority under section 7106(a)(2)(C) of the Statute, and is outside the duty to bargain. V. Provisions 5 and 6 Article 16, Section 13. When overtime within the Shipyard is required on both Saturdays and Sundays for a continuing period, the employee normally shall not be required to work two consecutive weekends. In this connection the employer will make a reasonable effort to schedule one weekend day off during the second weekend for each employee. Article 16, Section 14a. When overtime within the Shipyard is required on both Saturdays and Sundays for a continuing period, the employee normally shall not be required to work more than four consecutive weekends. In this connection, the employer will schedule one weekend off, unless there is an emergency as determined by the employer or the employee volunteers to work. A. Positions of the Parties The Agency contends that Provisions 5 and 6 are nonnegotiable because they restrict management's right to assign work in certain overtime situations in violation of section 7106(a)(2)(B) of the Statute. The Agency asserts that Provisions 5 and 6 would prohibit it from requiring an employee to work overtime (1) one weekend day every other week absent extraordinary circumstances, and (2) every fifth weekend except in an emergency situation. Finally, the Agency argues that the provisions are not appropriate arrangements under section 7106(b)(3) because employees are not adversely affected by the assignment of overtime work and because the provisions excessively interfere with management's right. The Union maintains that the provisions are appropriate arrangements under section 7106(b)(3) because they enhance productivity and efficiency. B. Analysis and Conclusions These provisions constitute negotiable procedures under section 7106(b)(2) of the Statute. They would not prevent management from determining that work must be performed during weekends as the Agency claims. Both provisions expressly are premised on the existence of circumstances in which management has exercised its right to assign overtime work "on both Saturdays and Sundays for a continuing period." These provisions are not concerned with whether overtime work will be assigned and performed on weekends. They do not eliminate the discretion to assign overtime work to any group of employees or any particular employee. We find that the provisions are intended to establish procedures which management will observe in making overtime assignments. Provision 5 requires the Agency, in designing overtime schedules for continuing periods of weekend work, to make a "reasonable effort" to preserve I day off for an employee whom it schedules to work 2 consecutive weekends. Provision 6, concerned with longer periods of continuing weekend overtime, requires the Agency to schedule 1 weekend off after every 4 consecutive weekends it schedules an employee to work unless the Agency determines that there is an emergency or the employee volunteers to work. Each provision expressly limits the obligation of management to observe these scheduling procedures to what "normally" can be accomplished. They do not limit management's discretion to determine both that overtime is required and which employees are qualified to perform the work. Nothing in these provisions allows any employee to refuse to work overtime on a weekend when the Agency determines that work must be performed and that a particular employee in question is the only one in the bargaining unit, comprised of more than 8000 individuals, who is qualified to perform it. While it is not a dispositive consideration, we note the Union's uncontroverted assertion that the wording of Provision 5 has been a part of the parties' collective bargaining agreement since 1977 "with little or no impact, while during this same time Norfolk Naval Shipyard received many productivity and quality awards including in 1986, the Commander-in-Chief's Award for installation excellence." Petition for Review at unnumbered page of enclosure setting forth the Union's position concerning Article 16, Section 13. Accordingly, we find that the provisions constitute negotiable procedures by which the scheduling and selection of employees to perform overtime work on consecutive weekends would be made from among those deemed by management to be qualified. See National Federation of Federal Employees, Local 1853 and U.S.Attorney's Office, Eastern District of New York, Brooklyn, N.Y., 29 FLRA 94 (1987) (Provision 3) (procedure by which selection for overtime assignments would be made from among volunteers deemed by management to be qualified); International Plate Printers, Die Stampers and Engravers union of North America, AFL - CIO, Local 2 and Department of the Treasury, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Washington, D.C., 25 FLRA 113 (1987) (Provisions 5 and 9) (procedures for the assignment of overtime, based on inverse seniority, to employees determined by the agency to be qualified and allowing an employee to refuse an overtime assignment where a qualified employee was available to take his place); and National Federation of Federal Employees, Local 1622 and U.S. Commissary, Fort Meade, Maryland, 16 FLRA 998 (1984) (Provision 2) (procedure requiring management to accede to an employee's request to be relieved of an overtime assignment if another employee, qualified and willing to do the work, were available). These provisions are distinguishable from proposals in other cases which were found nonnegotiable although they contained similar qualifying language. In those cases the proposals directly interfered with management's rights and the interference was not prevented by the qualifying language. See, for example, American Federation of Government Employees, AFL - CIO, Local 1625 and Department of the Navy, Naval Air Station, Oceana, Virginia, 30 FLRA No. 122 (1988) (Provision 3) (qualifying phrase "where feasible" did not remove limitation on agency's right to assign work); American Federation of Government Employees, AFL - CIO, Local 2635 and Naval Communications Unit, Cutler, East Machias, Maine, 30 FLRA 41 (1987) (Provision 1) (qualifying language such as "make reasonable efforts" is not dispositive where provision is found to directly interfere with management's rights). In contrast, the provisions in this case do not interfere with the exercise of any management rights. In view of our decision that Provisions 5 and 6 are negotiable procedures under section 7106(b)(2), we need not determine whether they constitute negotiable appropriate arrangements under section 7106(b)(3). VI. Provision 7 Article 18, Section 3. The employer will not assign employees to work on a holiday solely to avoid overtime work that otherwise would be performed on a day outside the basic workweek. A. Positions of the Parties The Agency contends that the provision violates its right to assign work under section 7106(a)(2)(B). The Union asserts that the provision is (1) consistent with laws which allow Federal employees to celebrate recognized Federal holidays, and (2) contributes to an efficient and productive work force. B. Analysis and Conclusion In American Federation of Government Employees, AFL - CIO, Local 1815 and Army Aviation Center, Fort Rucker, Alabama, 28 FLRA 1172, 1175 (1987) we held that Provision 4, which prevented management from assigning work on a Federal holiday to avoid assigning overtime work that otherwise would be assigned on a day outside the basic workweek, was nonnegotiable. We found that Provision 4 limited management's right to determine that certain work will be performed on holidays and, as a result, violated management's right to assign work under section 7106(a)(2)(B). Provision 7 here is virtually identical to Provision 4 in Army Aviation Center Fort Rucker, Alabama. Therefore, for the same reason, Provision 7 violates the Agency's right to assign work within the meaning of section 7106(a)(2)(B) and is outside the duty to bargain. VII. Provision 9 Article 28. Section 2(a). It is understood that the employer retains the right to select employees to be detailed or loaned to another shop for the purposes of supplementing the other work force or because of lack of work in the parent shop. No such detail or loan for a given employee will be for more than 90 days within a calendar year. The time limitation in this Section does not apply when the parent shop has no work which the employee is qualified to perform. (Only the underscored requirement is in dispute.) A. Positions of the Parties The Agency contends that the second sentence of the provision violates its rights to assign employees and work under section 7106(a)(2)(A) and (B) of the Statute. The Union maintains that, under section 7106(b)(3), the provision is an appropriate arrangement for employees adversely affected by the exercise of management rights. it claims that the provision would ensure that employees do not lose their trade skills because of a detail. B. Analysis and Conclusions This provision restricts the Agency's ability to assign employees to a detail for more than 90 days within a calendar year. The provision precludes the Agency from assigning a particular employee to a detail (1) after that employee has been detailed for 90 days during a calendar year; or (2) which is longer than 90 days in duration. The provision would restrict management's authority to determine (1) the duration of an assignment, (2) the particular employee to whom the work will be assigned, and (3) when the work will be performed. Therefore, we find that Provision 9 interferes with management's rights to assign employees and to assign work under sections 7106(a)(2)(A) and (B) of the Statute. See American Federation of Government Employees, AFL - CIO, Local 916 and Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma, 7 FLRA 292, (1981) (Provision II, paragraph (3)) (provision restricting certain details to 60 days is nonnegotiable) and American Federation of Government Employees, AFL - CIO, National Border Patrol Council and Department of Justice Immigration and Naturalization Service, 16 FLRA 251 (1984) (Proposal 1) (proposal limiting certain temporary assignments to an aggregate of 70 days per year is nonnegotiable). We turn now to the question of whether Provision 9 is negotiable as an appropriate arrangement for employees adversely affected by the exercise of management's rights to assign employees and work. The Union intends this provision to mitigate the claimed deterioration of trade skills which it asserts can result from management's temporarily assigning a skilled trade employee to another shop of a different craft. The Agency asserts, however, that (1) it sometimes makes such assignments to avoid the necessity of subjecting the employees involved to a reduction-in-force (RIF) or a furlough due to the lack of sufficient funds or work; and (2) the assignments benefit employees by enabling them to expand their skills. Therefore, the Agency claims that no adverse effect necessarily flows from its exercising its rights to make such assignments. We agree that it is not clear that employees are adversely affected in the circumstances covered by this provision. We may, however, assume such an effect for purposes of this decision. Balancing the respective interests of the Agency and the employees, we find that the proposed arrangement excessively interferes with the Agency's right to assign employees and work and for that reason is nonnegotiable, as explained below. The provision restricts the temporary assignments in question to an aggregate of 90 days per year unless there is no work in the "parent" shop which the employee is qualified to perform. It bars management from assigning the employee to another shop for more than 90 days for any other legitimate reason, for example, (1) the lack of sufficient work or funds to justify retaining the employee in the parent shop; or (2) the need for the employee to complete an assignment which continues past 90 days. On the other hand, an employee who is assigned to another shop for more than 90 days may suffer a deterioration of trade skills as claimed by the Union. However, in our opinion, assigning an employee to another shop for more than 90 days instead of subjecting the employee to a RIF or a furlough provides a benefit which significantly mitigates against any adverse impact from loss of skills. A similar, though less immediate, benefit would flow to employees from the opportunity to expand their skills through a temporary assignment. On balance, we find that the provision's negative impact on management's ability to assign employees and work is disproportionate to the benefit which would accrue to employees. Accordingly, the provision excessively interferes with those rights and is outside the duty to bargain. VIII. Provision 11 Article 36, Section 7. It is agreed and understood that the Employer shall: 1. Process voluntary dues withholding authorization requests. 2. Transmit an alphabetized statement to the secretary/treasurer of the Union within 7 calendar days after each payday which contains the names and home addresses of unit union members who have dues withheld, their pay numbers and amount deducted from each member, the totals of the number and the monetary amount of allotment deductions, and the amount for which the check is to be drawn by the disbursing officer. 3. Draw and submit a check to the secretary/ treasurer of the Union in the amount of the total deductions for the respective payroll period. 4. Provide a list to the secretary/ treasurer of the Union 7 calendar days after each pay period, of the names of unit union members who have revoked their dues authorization or whose allotments have been discontinued for other reasons. (Only the requirement which is underscored is in dispute.) A. Positions of the Parties The Agency contends that this provision's requirement that the Union be provided the names and home addresses of unit members who have their dues withheld is precluded by the provisions of the Privacy Act, and, therefore, in violation of the requirements of 5 U.S.C. 7117. The Union disputes the Agency's contention that providing it the names and home addresses of unit members is violative of law. B. Analysis and Conclusion The issue is whether the release of unit union members' home addresses to the Union is negotiable. In Farmers Home Administration Finance Office, St. Louis, Missouri, 23 FLRA 788 (1986) (Farmers Home), enforced in part and remanded sub. nom. U.S. Department of Agriculture and Farmers Home Administration Finance Office, St. Louis, Missouri v. FLRA, No. 86-2579 (8th Cir. Jan. 15, 1988), petitions for rehearing filed, we held that the release of the names and home addresses of unit employees to the exclusive representative was not prohibited by the Privacy Act. See United States Department of Health and Human Services Social Security Administration v. FLRA, 833 F.2d 1129 (4th Cir. 1987), petition for rehearing filed January 8, 1988, affirming Department of Health and Human Services, Social Security Administration, 24 FLRA 543 (1986); Department of Health and Human Services, Social Security Administration and Social Security Administration Field Operations, New York Region, 24 FLRA 583 (1986); Department of Health and Human Services, Social Security Administration, 24 FLRA 600 (1986); Department of the Air Force, Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, 24 FLRA 226 (1986) aff'd sub nom. U.S. Department of the Air Force, Scott Air Force Base, Illinois v. FLRA, No. 87-1143 (7th Cir. Jan. 27, 1988). In Farmers Home we found that release of names and home addresses of unit employees to the exclusive representative was permitted under two exceptions to the Privacy Act's bar to disclosure of personal information. Specifically, an exception set forth at 5 U.S.C. 552a(b)(2) concerning the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and an exception set forth at 5 U.S.C. 552a(b)(3) relating to "routine use" of information permit the release of names and home addresses. Under the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552a(b)(2), the Privacy Act does not preclude disclosures required by the FOIA. In determining whether personal information may be disclosed under this exception it is necessary to balance the employee's right to privacy against the public interest in disclosure. In Farmers Home we concluded that the balance of competing interests favors disclosure and that the release of home addresses is not prohibited by the Privacy Act. See United States Department of Health and Human Services, Social Security Administration v. FLRA, 833 F.2d 1129 (4th Cir. 1987) petit on for rehearing filed January 8, 1988; U.S. Department of the Air Force, Scott Air Force Base, Illinois v. FLRA, No. 87-1143 (7th Cir. Jan. 27, 1988). Compare U.S. Department of Agriculture and Farmers Home Administration Finance Office, St. Louis, Missouri v. FLRA, Nos. 86-2579 (8th Cir. Jan. 15, 1988), petitions for rehearing filed ("the interests of privacy and disclosure will be optimally served by requiring disclosure of the names and home addresses of only those employees who do not request their employer to keep the information confidential"). Based on our decision in Farmers Home, the disclosure of the information sought by the Union in this case is not barred by law. Consequently, Provision 11 is negotiable. See, for example, National Labor Relations Board Union and National Labor Relations Board, Office of the General Counsel and the Board, 24 FLRA 917 (1986), petition for review filed sub nom. National Labor Relations Board v. FLRA, No. 87-110C (D.C. Cir. Feb. 26, 1987); National Federation of Federal Employees, Local 1655 and Adjutant General of Illinois, 24 FLRA 3 (1986). The decision in Farmers Home involved an unfair labor practice complaint. In Farmers Home the issue of providing name and home addresses was resolved based on the provision of section 7114(b) of the Statute. While section 7114(b)(4) obligates an agency to furnish an exclusive representative with information, to the extent not prohibited by law, necessary for the bargaining process, no provision of the Statute precludes the parties from negotiating contractual provisions requiring release of information which is otherwise not unlawful. See National Treasury Employees Union and Department of Energy, 22 FLRA 131 (1986). IX. Order The Agency must rescind its disapproval of Provisions 5, 6 and 11. 2 The Union's petition for review concerning Provisions 1, 2, 3, 7 and 9 is dismissed. Issued, Washington, D.C., February 22, 1988. Jerry L. Calhoun, Chairman Jean McKee, Member FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY FOOTNOTES Footnote 1 In responding to the Union's Petition for Review which included 11 provisions, the Agency stated that it had approved Provisions 8 and 10 cited in the Petition. Also, the Agency has withdrawn its allegation of nonnegotiability with regard to Provision 4. Accordingly, these provisions will not be considered here. Footnote 2 In finding Provisions 5, 6 and 11 to be within the duty to bargain, we make no judgment as to their merits.