American Federation of Government Employees, AFL-CIO, Council of Federal Grain Inspection Locals (Union) and United States Department of Agriculture, Federal Grain Inspection Service, Washington, DC (Activity)
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03:0530(85)NG
The decision of the Authority follows:
3 FLRA No. 85 AMERICAN FEDERATION OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES, AFL-CIO, COUNCIL OF FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION LOCALS (Union) and UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE, WASHINGTON, D.C. (Activity) Case No. 0-NG-126 DECISION ON NEGOTIABILITY ISSUE THIS CASE COMES BEFORE THE FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY (THE AUTHORITY) PURSUANT TO SECTION 7105(A)(2)(E) OF THE FEDERAL SERVICE LABOR-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS STATUTE (5 U.S.C. 7101 ET SEQ.). UNION PROPOSAL ALL WORK IN EXCESS OF 40 HOURS PER WEEK PERFORMED ON A SUNDAY SHALL BE PAID AT TWICE THE BASIC RATE OF PAY. QUESTION HERE BEFORE THE AUTHORITY THE QUESTION IS WHETHER THE UNION'S PROPOSAL IS OUTSIDE THE AGENCY'S DUTY TO BARGAIN UNDER SECTION 7117 OF THE STATUTE BECAUSE IT CONCERNS A MATTER THAT IS EXCLUDED FROM "CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT" AS DEFINED IN SECTION 7103(A)(14) OF THE STATUTE. /1/ OPINION CONCLUSION: THE UNION'S PROPOSAL IS OUTSIDE THE DUTY TO BARGAIN UNDER THE STATUTE. ACCORDINGLY, PURSUANT TO SECTION 2424.10 OF THE AUTHORITY'S RULES AND REGULATIONS, 45 FED. REG. 3513(1980), THE AGENCY'S ALLEGATION THAT THE DISPUTED PROPOSAL IS NOT WITHIN THE DUTY TO BARGAIN IS SUSTAINED. REASONS: THE DUTY TO BARGAIN UNDER THE STATUTE EXTENDS TO THE CONDITION OF EMPLOYMENT OF BARGAINING UNIT EMPLOYEES. MATTERS "SPECIFICALLY PROVIDED FOR BY FEDERAL STATUTE" HOWEVER, ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED FROM THE DEFINITION OF "CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT" IN SECTION 7103(A)(14)(C) (NOTE 1, SUPRA) AND, HENCE, ARE NOT WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THE DUTY TO BARGAIN. THE UNION'S PROPOSAL IN THE INSTANT CASE CONCERNS THE RATE OF PAY FOR BARGAINING UNIT EMPLOYEES WHO PERFORM OVERTIME WORK ON A SUNDAY. THE BASIC PAY PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO FEDERAL EMPLOYEES, INCLUDING PROVISIONS REGARDING OVERTIME PAY FOR HOURS WORKED IN EXCESS OF 40 PER WEEK OR 8 IN ONE DAY, ARE SET FORTH IN 5 U.S.C. 5542(A) WHICH PROVIDES, IN PERTINENT PART, AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 5542. OVERTIME RATES; COMPUTATION FOR FULL-TIME, PART-TIME AND INTERMITTENT TOURS OF DUTY, HOURS OF WORK OFFICIALLY ORDERED OR APPROVED IN EXCESS OF 40 HOURS IN AN ADMINISTRATIVE WORKWEEK, OR (WITH THE EXCEPTION OF AN EMPLOYEE ENGAGED IN PROFESSIONAL OR TECHNICAL ENGINEERING OR SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES FOR WHOM THE FIRST 40 HOURS OF DUTY IN AN ADMINISTRATIVE WORKWEEK IS THE BASIC WORKWEEK AND AN EMPLOYEE WHOSE BASIC PAY EXCEEDS THE MINIMUM RATE FOR GS-10 FOR WHOM THE FIRST 40 HOURS OF DUTY IN AN ADMINISTRATIVE WORKWEEK IS THE BASIC WORKWEEK) IN EXCESS OF 8 HOURS IN A DAY, PERFORMED BY AN EMPLOYEE ARE OVERTIME WORK AND SHALL BE PAID FOR, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED BY THIS SUBCHAPTER, AT THE FOLLOWING RATES: (1) FOR AN EMPLOYEE WHOSE BASIC PAY IS AT A RATE WHICH DOES NOT EXCEED THE MINIMUM RATE OF BASIC PAY FOR GS-10, THE OVERTIME HOURLY RATE OF PAY IS AN AMOUNT EQUAL TO ONE AND ONE-HALF TIMES THE HOURLY RATE OF BASIC PAY OF THE EMPLOYEE, AND ALL THAT AMOUNT IS PREMIUM PAY. (2) FOR AN EMPLOYEE WHOSE BASIC PAY IS AT A RATE WHICH EXCEEDS THE MINIMUM RATE OF BASIC PAY FOR GS-10, THE OVERTIME HOURLY RATE OF PAY IS AN AMOUNT EQUAL TO ONE AND ONE-HALF TIMES THE HOURLY RATE OF THE MINIMUM RATE OF BASIC PAY FOR GS-10, AND ALL THAT AMOUNT IS PREMIUM PAY. WHILE THERE ARE STATUTORY PROVISIONS WHICH SPECIFICALLY PERMIT THE NEGOTIATION OF PREMIUM PAY FOR CERTAIN CATEGORIES OF FEDERAL EMPLOYEES, NO SUCH SPECIFIC STATUTORY AUTHORIZATION FOR THE BARGAINING UNIT EMPLOYEES OF THE FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE INVOLVED HEREIN HAS BEEN CITED BY THE UNION OR FOUND BY THE AUTHORITY. ACCORDINGLY, IN THE INSTANT CASE, AS STATED IN THE HOUSE COMMITTEE REPORT ACCOMPANYING H.R. 11280 FROM WHICH SECTION 7103(A)(14)(C) OF THE STATUTE DERIVED WITHOUT CHANGE, "(R)ATES OF OVERTIME PAY ARE NOT BARGAINABLE, BECAUSE THEY ARE SPECIFICALLY PROVIDED FOR BY STATUTE." /2/ THE UNION CONTENDS, HOWEVER, THAT 5 U.S.C. 5542(A), WHICH PROVIDES THAT OVERTIME SHALL BE PAID AT "ONE AND ONE-HALF TIMES THE (EMPLOYEE'S) HOURLY RATE," IS INCONSISTENT WITH SECTION 7(A)(1) OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT (FLSA) WHICH REQUIRES OVERTIME COMPENSATION AT "NOT LESS THAN" ONE AND ONE-HALF TIMES THE REGULAR RATE. SECTION 7(A)(1) OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT (29 U.S.C. 207(A)(1)) PROVIDES: EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED IN THIS SECTION, NO EMPLOYER SHALL EMPLOY ANY OF HIS EMPLOYEES WHO IN ANY WORKWEEK IS ENGAGED IN COMMERCE OR IN THE PRODUCTION OF GOODS FOR COMMERCE, OR IS EMPLOYED IN AN ENTERPRISE ENGAGED IN COMMERCE OR IN THE PRODUCTION OF GOODS FOR COMMERCE, FOR A WORKWEEK LONGER THAN FORTY HOURS UNLESS SUCH EMPLOYEE RECEIVES COMPENSATION FOR HIS EMPLOYMENT IN EXCESS OF THE HOURS ABOVE SPECIFIED AT A RATE NOT LESS THAN ONE AND ONE-HALF TIMES THE REGULAR RATE AT WHICH HE IS EMPLOYED. THE UNION TAKES THE POSITION THAT CONGRESS, IN EXTENDING COVERAGE OF THE FLSA TO FEDERAL EMPLOYEES IN 1974, /3/ EXPRESSLY INDICATED THAT THE LATTER PROVISION SHOULD GOVERN WHERE THE TWO STATUTES ON PREMIUM PAY ARE INCONSISTENT; /4/ AND HENCE THAT THE DISPUTED PROPOSAL WHICH SEEKS TO ESTABLISH OVERTIME PAY GREATER THAN ONE AND ONE-HALF TIMES THE REGULAR HOURLY RATE IS WITHIN THE DUTY TO BARGAIN. IN SUPPORT OF ITS ASSERTION THAT THE TWO PREMIUM PAY PROVISIONS ARE "INCONSISTENT", THE UNION REFERS TO CERTAIN LANGUAGE IN THE CONFERENCE COMMITTEE REPORT CONCERNING SECTION 704 OF THE CIVIL SERVICE REFORM ACT OF 1978 (92 STAT. 1218) /5/ IN WHICH CONGRESS EXPRESSLY OVERRULED A NUMBER OF THE COMPTROLLER GENERAL'S DECISIONS INTERPRETING "NOT LESS THAN" IN 5 U.S.C. 5544 PERTAINING TO OVERTIME PAY FOR PREVAILING RATE EMPLOYEES AS NO AUTHORIZATION FOR AGENCIES TO ESTABLISH OVERTIME PAY RATES GREATER THAN ONE AND ONE-HALF TIMES THE BASIC HOURLY PAY RATE FOR SUCH PREVAILING RATE EMPLOYEES. /6/ THE AGENCY DID NOT FILE A TIMELY STATEMENT OF POSITION HEREIN PURSUANT TO SECTION 7117(C)(3) OF THE STATUTE, BUT REQUESTED PERMISSION, IN EFFECT, TO FILE A SUBMISSION IN RESPONSE TO THE UNION' ARGUMENTS SET FORTH ABOVE. THE UNION OBJECTED TO THAT REQUEST. CONSISTENT WITH THE AUTHORITY'S POLICY NOT TO CONSIDER SUBMISSIONS IN NEGOTIABILITY CASES OTHER THAN THOSE PRESCRIBED IN THE STATUTE AND THE AUTHORITY'S RULES, UNLESS ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IS DEEMED NECESSARY, (SEE AMERICAN FEDERATION OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES, AFL-CIO, LOCAL 695 AND DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY, U.S. MINT, DENVER, COLORADO, CASE NO. O-NG-114, 3 FLRA NO. 7 (APRIL 14, 1980)), THE AGENCY'S REQUEST IS HEREBY DENIED, AND NOTHING SUBMITTED WITH THAT REQUEST HAS BEEN CONSIDERED BY THE AUTHORITY IN REACHING ITS DECISION HEREIN. HOWEVER, THE OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (OPM), IN ITS BRIEF AMICUS CURIAE, FILED PURSUANT TO PERMISSION GRANTED BY THE AUTHORITY UNDER SECTION 2429.9 OF THE AUTHORITY'S RULES AND REGULATIONS, 45 FED. REG. 3518, SPECIFICALLY RESPONDED TO THE UNION'S ARGUMENT BY QUOTING ALL OF THE CONFERENCE COMMITTEE LANGUAGE CONCERNING SECTION 704 (SEE NOTE 5, SUPRA) UPON WHICH THE UNION RELIES. SUCH LEGISLATIVE HISTORY INDICATES THAT CONGRESS, IN OVERRULING THE AFOREMENTIONED DECISIONS OF THE COMPTROLLER GENERAL BY VIRTUE OF SECTION 704, INTENDED TO AUTHORIZE ONLY THOSE PREVAILING RATE EMPLOYEES WHO ARE EXPRESSLY EMPOWERED TO NEGOTIATE THEIR WAGES IN ACCORDANCE WITH PREVAILING RATES IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR UNDER SECTION 9(B) OF P.L. 92-392(1972) TO NEGOTIATE THEIR OVERTIME PAY WITHOUT REGARD TO 5 U.S.C. 5544, BUT WAS NOT DEALING GENERALLY WITH RATES OF OVERTIME PAY FOR ALL FEDERAL EMPLOYEES. /7/ ACCORDINGLY, THE UNION'S CONTENTION THAT SECTION 7(A)(1) OF THE FAIR LABOR STANDARDS ACT IS INCONSISTENT WITH 5 U.S.C. 5542(A) MUST BE REJECTED, AND THE AGENCY'S ALLEGATION THAT THE DISPUTED PROPOSAL IS OUTSIDE THE DUTY TO BARGAIN UNDER THE STATUTE IS SUSTAINED. ISSUED, WASHINGTON, D.C., JUNE 27, 1980 RONALD W. HAUGHTON, CHAIRMAN HENRY B. FRAZIER III, MEMBER LEON B. APPLEWHAITE, MEMBER FEDERAL LABOR RELATIONS AUTHORITY /1/ SECTION 7117(A)(1) OF THE STATUTE PROVIDES AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 7117. DUTY TO BARGAIN IN GOOD FAITH; COMPELLING NEED; DUTY TO CONSULT (A)(1) SUBJECT TO PARAGRAPH (2) OF THIS SUBSECTION, THE DUTY TO BARGAIN IN GOOD FAITH SHALL, TO THE EXTENT NOT INCONSISTENT WITH ANY FEDERAL LAW OR ANY GOVERNMENT-WIDE RULE OR REGULATION, EXTEND TO MATTERS WHICH ARE THE SUBJECT OF ANY RULE OR REGULATION ONLY IF THE RULE OR REGULATION IS NOT A GOVERNMENT-WIDE RULE OR REGULATION. THE TERM "MATTERS" AS USED IN SECTION 7117(A)(1) IS EXPLAINED BY REFERENCE TO THE DEFINITION OF "COLLECTIVE BARGAINING" IN SECTION 7103(A)(12) AND "CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT" IN SECTION 7103(A)(14) OF THE STATUTE: SECTION 7103. DEFINITIONS; APPLICATION . . . . (12) "COLLECTIVE BARGAINING" MEANS THE PERFORMANCE OF THE MUTUAL OBLIGATION OF THE REPRESENTATIVE OF AN AGENCY AND THE EXCLUSIVE REPRESENTATIVE OF EMPLOYEES IN AN APPROPRIATE UNIT IN THE AGENCY TO MEET AT REASONABLE TIMES AND TO CONSULT AND BARGAIN IN A GOOD-FAITH EFFORT TO REACH AGREEMENT WITH RESPECT TO THE CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT EFFECTING SUCH EMPLOYEES. . . . . . . . . (14) "CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT" MEANS PERSONNEL POLICIES, PRACTICES, AND MATTERS, WHETHER ESTABLISHED BY RULE, REGULATION, OR OTHERWISE, AFFECTING WORKING CONDITIONS, EXCEPT THAT SUCH TERM DOES NOT INCLUDE POLICIES, PRACTICES AND MATTERS-- . . . . (C) TO THE EXTENT SUCH MATTERS ARE SPECIFICALLY PROVIDED FOR BY FEDERAL STATUTE. /2/ H.R. REP. NO. 95-1403, 95TH CONG., 2D SESS. 44(1978). /3/ PUB. L. NO. 93-259, 88 STAT. 55 (APRIL 8, 1974). /4/ THE UNION CITES H.R. REP. NO. 93-913, 93RD CONG., 27-28(1974), AND FPM LETTER 551-1, ATTACHMENT 5. /5/ SEE S. REP. NO. 95-1272, 95TH CONG. 2D SESS. 159(1978). /6/ THE COMPTROLLER GENERAL DECISIONS EXPRESSLY OVERRULED WERE B-189782, 57 COMP. GEN. 259)1978) AND B-191520 (JUNE 6, 1978). /7/ SEE THE COMPTROLLER GENERAL'S DECISION IN B-189782, 58 COMP. GEN. 198(1979).